Summary
The ureter is a delicate structure that is very commonly involved in inflammatory masses or malignancies and obscured by obesity. Hundreds of thousands of operations are performed annually that risk ureteral injury: hysterectomy, colon surgery for cancer or inflammation (e.g. diverticulitis), aortic aneurysm, and many others procedures are in this category. Additionally, certain operations that are done on the ureter benefit enormously from a way to assess the completion of a "watertight" repair. All surgeons involved in these operations (Ob/ Gyn, General Surgery, Urology, Vascular, Colorectal) desire to avoid the catastrophe that can accompany unrecognized ureteral injury, and seek a simple way to protect themselves from it. Currently, more than 2/3 of all ureteral injuries are not recognized when they occur, due to inadequate technology to test for their presence.